Incorrect Administration Of An S8 Medication †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Incorrect Administration Of A S8 Medication. Answer: Depiction of the episode This is anursing contextual analysis on the erroneous organization of a S8 drug. It includes a recently graduated medical caretaker on her first ward revolution. The medical caretaker has some experience working in a ward since she has been there for right around a half year and she has had the help of the Nurse Unit Manager. The medical caretaker additionally has great working relationship with different attendants and feels capable enough with the aptitudes obtained over the half year time frame. The relentless movements have likewise added to the working experience and the attendant sees this as fascinating and even considers high sharpness nursing. During one of the morning shifts while doing her prescription round, Mary, an associate of hers inquires as to whether they could do a S8 medicate check together. Since she likewise needs a similar prescription she goes to the S8 pantry with Mary. Them two allude to their drug outlines and the S8 book with the goal that they can get the fundamental medicine for their patients. Mary tallies the S8 prescription required for her patient, Endone 5mg and places it in a medicine cup and afterward she checks the drug required for the attendants patient,Targin 5/2.5mg and places it in a different cup to keep away from any mistake. Mary guarantees she bolts up the S8 cabinet and conveys the patients medicine diagrams alongside her while the attendant conveys the prescription cups. The two medical attendants initially go to Marys persistent first. They follow the prescription systems by first finishing the patient checks and three medication checks and afterward the new attendant hands the patient the medicine cup with the tablet in it. In the wake of guaranteeing the patient has taken the tablet, the two of them sign the S8 book to enlist that the patient had their medicine. The two attendants at that point head to the next patient and they start by finishing persistent ID and medication checks. Lamentably, the new attendant understands that the prescription cup has the Endone tablet rather than the Targin tablet, which was intended for her patient, however rather they had regulated it to Marys quiet. The new attendant advises Mary that she gave her patient an inappropriate S8 prescription and Mary addresses her fitness in taking care of patients medicine. The new medical caretaker feels debilitated however she should educate the patient, the specialist and th e Unit Nurse Manager promptly with the goal that the fitting moves can be made to make sure about the patient's security. Variables adding to the episode So as to abstain from directing an inappropriate prescription to a patient, it is critical to initially complete the three medication checks viably. For this situation, study, despite the fact that the three medication checks were performed, it was not done in like manner in light of the fact that the new attendant wound up giving an inappropriate prescription to Marys persistent. This strategy requires an attendant to do a triple-check when setting up and before directing prescription. It assists with guaranteeing that the correct medication and measurement is given to the correct patient utilizing the correct course and at the opportune time. The main check includes taking the drug from the capacity region and watching that the patients remedy and the prescription mark coordinate. Prior to pouring or setting up the medicine, counter check for a second time during the planning of the meds for organization. At the patients bedside, the third and last check is done before offering it to the patient. For this situation, Mary along with the new attendant completes the main check effectively while recovering their patients prescription from the S8 organizer. They do as such by alluding to their graphs and S8 book to get the suitable prescription. During the arrangement, Mary does the second check when she tallies the S8 prescription, Endone 5mg, for her patient and spots it in a medicine cup (Alsulami, Choonara Conroy, 2014). She at that point proceeds to check the medicine for the new attendants understanding, Targin 5/2.5mg and places it in a different prescription cup to abstain from blending them up. Naming each cup with every patients subtleties would have leveled further in keeping away from a misunderstanding since the two medications were S8 prescriptions. At the bedside of Marys tolerant, the two of them do the patient's check and last medication check yet the new attendant despite everything manages an inappropriate prescription to Marys persistent. During the third check , the new attendant neglected to acutely recognize the cup with the privilege S8 prescription, Endone 5mg, which should be given to Marys tolerant and wound up giving the patient an inappropriate medicine, Targin 5/2.5mg. What I would have done another way In future, on the off chance that I at any point wound up in a comparable circumstance as the new medical caretaker, I would be mindful so as to follow tranquilize planning and organization conventions to keep away from such an occurrence. The NSQHS norms taking drugs wellbeing state that, the clinical workforce needs to keep up the suitable convention while overseeing prescription to stay away from mistakes in medicine (Excellence, 2013). Consequently, to maintain a strategic distance from these errors, first, during the three medication checks, I would have been exceptionally mindful to guarantee that the solution coordinates the medicine doled out to every patient. Further, I would follow the privileges of prescription organization, which are the right: individual, drug, portion, time, course, and documentation. This assists with guaranteeing that the correct measurements of the right drug is given to the correct patient at the perfect time utilizing the right course and that it i s precisely reported. Since two patients were both accepting practically comparable meds, I would have exhorted Mary to mark every prescription cup during the planning. Along these lines, it would have been anything but difficult to differentiate the two S8 prescriptions and give the right one to the legitimate patient (Ashcroft, Lewis, Tully, Wass Dornan, 2015). Furthermore, at the bedside, I would have utilized at any rate two patient identifiers to dependably distinguish the patient as the person for whom every medicine was intended for and to coordinate the drug mark to them. I would have checked the customers distinguishing proof number and name either physically, verbally, or electronically to find out that all the patients subtleties are right and that I have the opportune person. For example, I could request that the patient illuminate their last name and check their armband for the equivalent. In addition, I could have requested that Mary complete the organization of the drug to the patients, as she was the person who effectively took an interest in the arrangement in this way, she was progressively acquainted with the medicine. This would have helped in diminishing the danger of having a medicine blunder and keeping up away from of responsibility. At long last, it I essential to affirm medicates before directing them to the patient. for example, in the wake of getting the drug from the cabinets, I would have affirmed the prescription for my patient then I would have given Mary the other medicine cup containing her patients pills. In the ward, the alloted nurture has the obligation of guaranteeing they control medicine to their patients according to the conventions set up (Westbrook, Lehnbom, Baysari, Braithwaite, Burke Day, 2015). An option would have been to let Mary control the medicine to the patient without anyone else once we got to the patient. I would have likewise thought about my pharmaceutical information on the S8 drugs that were being regulated to the patients. Pharmaceutical information and experience has been found to decrease the mistakes in drug in clinical settings (Kim Bates, 2013) References Ashcroft, D. M., Lewis, P. J., Tully, M. P., Farragher, T. M., Taylor, D., Wass, V., Dornan, T. (2015). Predominance, nature, seriousness and hazard factors for recommending blunders in medical clinic inpatients: forthcoming examination in 20 UK hospitals.Drug safety,38(9), 833-843. Alsulami, Z., Choonara, I., Conroy, S. (2014). Pediatric attendants adherence to the double?checking procedure during medicine organization in a kids' emergency clinic: an observational study.Journal of cutting edge Nursing,70(6), 1404-1413. Banks, M. (2016).Isqua16-2476 Improving The Safety And Quality Of Health Care For Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People Using The Australian National Safety And Quality Health Service Standards .Universal Journal for Quality in Health Care,28(suppl_1), 55-55. Greatness, B. P. (2013). The Joint Commission declares 2014 national patient wellbeing goal.Joint Commission Perspectives. Keers, R. N., Williams, S. D., Cooke, J., Ashcroft, D. M. (2013). Reasons for medicine organization blunders in emergency clinics: a precise audit of quantitative and subjective evidence.Drug safety,36(11), 1045-1067. Keers, R. N., Williams, S. D., Cooke, J., Walsh, T., Ashcroft, D. M. (2014). Effect of mediations intended to decrease drug organization mistakes in emergency clinics: an efficient review.Drug safety,37(5), 317-332 Kim, J., Bates, D. W. (2013). Medicine organization mistakes by attendants: adherence to guidelines.Journal of Clinical Nursing,22(3-4), 590-598. McLeod, M. C., Barber, N., Franklin, B. D. (2013). Methodological varieties and their consequences for announced prescription organization blunder rates.BMJ Qual Saf,22(4), 278-289. Nanji, K. C., Patel, A., Shaikh, S., Seger, D. L., Bates, D. W. (2016). Assessment of perioperative prescription blunders and antagonistic medication events.The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists,124(1), 25-34. Westbrook, J. I., Li, L., Lehnbom, E. C., Baysari, M. T., Braithwaite, J., Burke, R., ... Day, R. O. (2015). What are occurrence reports letting us know? A near report at two Australian clinics of drug mistakes distinguished at review, identified by staff and answered to an occurrence system.International Journal for Quality in Health Care,27(1), 1-9.

Home Cooked Meals Vs. Fast Food

Today everybody is working, so you likely won't locate a hot supper in the kitchen regular. Most families eat out in light of the fact that there tired and it's speedy for them to do. This paper will inform you regarding the similitudes and contrasts between drive-through joints and home-prepared dinners. Home prepared suppers versus cheap food makes an examination between dinners that are set up at home and dinners that are bought from drive-through joints. Home prepared suppers can be produced using new fixings, for example, vegetables and fruits.When it strikes a chord and body, nothing is better than setting up your food from stratch, with qualilty fixings you can present with affection. They likewise don't have as much sodium and fat as inexpensive food dinners. They additionally don't have as much sodium and fat as cheap food suppers. Home prepared dinners can be produced using new fixings, for example, vegetables and natural products. They are increasingly wholesome and don't have the same number of calories and soaked fat than cheap food meals.In the time it takes to utilize your gas, drive to the café, put in your request, sit tight for your request, get back and serve the dinner, you can make a full supper from stratch with time to take a load off. Getting ready suppers at home additionally permit you to control the measure of salts and oils you use in your plans. This diminish weight gain. Home prepared suppers can offer assortment just as time went through with your family in a shut setting for instance The entire family plunks down to eat and it's progressively more advantageous for your family to eat.Children advantage extraordinarily from the custom of eating dinners together. Family suppers give chances to sharing the day's occasions and make a loosening up progress from occupied daytime exercises to more slow paced evening ones. Home arranged dinners are such a great amount of more secure as the fixings and devices utilized for readiness are y our own spotless gadgets, for example, new cooking instruments, crisp cooking oil, and so forth. Home prepared suppers are exceptionally savvy if appropriate arranging is utilized to keep dinners intersting and satisfactory. It is as a rule less expensive relying upon what sort of supper is prepared.Home cooking cost will likewise be resonable as long as the fixing costs are deliberately thought of. Preparing your own dinners manages you the significant serenity that accompanies having unlimited authority over the sort and nature of fixings in your suppers and the level of neatness that goes into their planning. + Fast food is Served quick directly before you, and it's occasionally very modest to purchase. It's Fast to cook, yet Made with various satuarated fats and less nourishment. Cheap food consistently taste the equivalent so there are actually no suprises except if it's something new on the menu.Fast food is typically useful for when your out and about or in a hurry and simply need to get a light meal to nibble on. Inexpensive food is additionally arranged behind dividers so you don't know whats truly going on with your food. Individuals being served may think about might ponder whether those kitchens are spotless and sterile or not, or if solid clean oil is utilized in light of the fact that restaraunts are known to utilize the oil many time for less cost. Eating inexpensive food ought not turn into a propensity. Cheap food can likewise cause moderate demise additionally know as weight or overweight. It's likewise Not wellbeing and greasy.Fast food is all the more quickly and well quicker to plan and devour than home prepared suppers. Regardless of the wellbeing dangers that accompany inexpensive food utilization, individuals keep on eating it in light of the fact that numerous individuals have no an ideal opportunity to choose and plan suppers at home. Inexpensive food are normally extremely modest as it is purposefully made to be accessible for all de grees of pay. Eatery and other monetarily arranged nourishments are famously high in fat, salt and sugar. These nourishments are fine as an incidental guilty pleasure or for a unique event, yet not beneficial as a customary diet.There are numerous significant similitudes between drive-thru eateries and home-prepared dinners. You can eat both cheap food and home-prepared dinners with your family whether your together or not. For instance you can make food and home and have an outing or you can purchase food from an eatery and have an excursion with your family in your patio or a network park. Another likeness are that them two is scrumptious, so you can appreciate eat anyplace and whenever. You can likewise arrange them both by decision. In spite of the fact that there are a few likenesses between drive-through joints and home-prepared dinners, there are likewise numerous contrasts between them.The first significant distinction is that the food is more cleaner in your home than the c heap food in eateries. You additionally need to pay for your food in a café yet at home it's free. Likewise in a café your feast is arranged rapidly, for instance, when you pick something and you inform the merchant regarding it the food will completing quickly, however in your home the food isn't done as quick. Eating inexpensive food now and again won't hurt you, yet eating it an excessive amount of can cause genuine wellbeing problems.Taking the opportunity to adjust your dinners set aside time and cash. When eating adjusted dinners your body feels fulfilled. Most quick nourishments contain an excessive amount of salt, calories, and satuarated fat. At the point when you cook at home you spare gas and your time. Regardless of whether you decide to eat at home or have cheap food, it is essential to choose sound food consistently. Keep away from trans fats and handled food, since it isn't useful for your wellbeing, Home prepared dinners aren't quick and prepared precisely when you need to eat them, however they are more advantageous and will help you over the long haul! ï » ¿Home Cooked Meals versus Cheap Food Today everybody is working, so you most likely won't locate a hot supper in the kitchen regular. Most families eat out in light of the fact that there tired and it's brisk for them to do. This article will enlighten you regarding the likenesses and contrasts between drive-through eateries and home-prepared dinners. Home prepared dinners versus cheap food makes an examination between suppers that are set up at home and dinners that are bought from drive-through joints. Home prepared dinners can be produced using new fixings, for example, vegetables and fruits.When it strikes a chord and body, nothing is better than setting up your food from stratch, with qualilty fixings you can present with affection. They additionally don't have as much sodium and fat as cheap food suppers. They likewise don't have as much sodium and fat as cheap food dinners. Home prepared suppers can be produced using new fixings, for example, vegetables and natural products. They are increasingly dietary and don' t have the same number of calories and soaked fat than inexpensive food meals.In the time it takes to utilize your gas, drive to the eatery, put in your request, hang tight for your request, get back and serve the dinner, you can make a full feast from stratch with time to take a load off. Getting ready suppers at home likewise permit you to control the measure of salts and oils you use in your plans. This decrease weight gain. Home prepared dinners can offer assortment just as time went through with your family in a shut setting for instance The entire family plunks down to eat and it's increasingly more advantageous for your family to eat.Children advantage significantly from the custom of eating suppers together. Family suppers give chances to sharing the day's occasions and make a loosening up change from occupied daytime exercises to more slow paced evening ones. Home arranged suppers are such a great amount of more secure as the fixings and devices utilized for planning are yo ur own perfect gadgets, for example, new cooking devices, crisp cooking oil, and so on. Home prepared dinners are financially savvy if appropriate arranging is utilized to keep suppers intersting and agreeable. It is as a rule less expensive relying upon what kind of supper is prepared.Home cooking cost will likewise be resonable as long as the fixing costs are painstakingly thought of. Preparing your own dinners bears you the genuine feelings of serenity that accompanies having full oversight over the sort and nature of fixings in your suppers and the level of neatness that goes into their planning. + Fast food is Served quick directly before you, and it's occasionally excessively modest to purchase. It's Fast to cook, yet Made with various satuarated fats and less nourishment. Cheap food consistently taste the equivalent so there are actually no suprises except if it's something new on the menu.Fast food is typically useful for when your out and about or in a hurry and simply need to get a light meal to nibble on. Cheap food is additionally arranged behind dividers so you don't know whats truly going on with your food. Individuals being served may think about might ponder whether those kitchens are perfect and sterile or not, or if solid clean oil is utilized in light of the fact that restaraunts are known to utilize the oil many time for less cost. Eating inexpensive food ought not turn into a propensity. Cheap food can likewise cause moderate demise additionally know as heftiness or overweight. It's likewise Not wellbeing and greasy.Fast food is all the more quickly and well quicker to get ready and expend than home prepared suppers. Notwithstanding the wellbeing dangers that accompany inexpensive food utilization, individuals keep on eating it on the grounds that numerous individuals have no an ideal opportunity to choose and get ready suppers at home. Inexpensive food are generally modest as it is purposefully made to be accessible for all degrees of pay . Eatery and other monetarily arranged nourishments are famously high in fat, salt and sugar. These nourishments are fine as an infrequent extravagance or for a unique event, however not beneficial as a normal diet.There are numerous significant similitudes between drive-through joints and home-prepared suppers. You can eat both cheap food and home-prepared dinners with your family whether your together or not. For instance you can make food and home and have an outing or you can purchase food from a café and have an excursion with your family in your lawn or a network park. Another comparability are that them two is flavorful, so you can appreciate eat anyplace and whenever. You can likewise arrange them both by decision. In spite of the fact that there are a few likenesses between drive-thru eateries and home-prepared suppers, there are likewise numerous contrasts between them.The first significant distinction is that the food is more cle

The Seven Layer Osi Model

The Seven Layer Osi Model Seven-layer OSI model is a consistent layer and created by the ISO worldwide normalization association. The reason for this layer is to comprehend the transmission of information streams from source to goal and to distinguish issues during information transmission. The seven layers incorporate Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data interface and Physical layer. The arrangement of layer names to be recalled by this expression All individuals appear to require information preparing. Coming up next is a general portrayal of each layer. OSI reference model is currently being considered as the principle model for the internetworking and bury registering. The seven layers separate the errand of information transmission in sub assignments and afterward complete the information transmission cycle. QUESTION 1 During the 1980s, the European-commanded International Standards Organization (ISO) started to build up its Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) organizing suite. OSI has two significant parts: a theoretical model of systems administration (the Basic Reference Model, or seven-layer model), and a lot of solid conventions. Quickly clarify every one of the seven OSI layer remembered their capacity and use for information correspondence and systems administration. OSI Reference Model OSI reference model (Open Systems Interconnection) shows how data from a product application on a PC travels through a system medium to a product application on another PC. OSI reference model is reasonably partitioned into 7 layers where each layer has a particular system work, as depicted by figure 1.1 (with no physical media). This model was made dependent on a proposition made by the International Standards Organization (ISO) as an initial move toward universal normalization of conventions utilized at different layers. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½This model is called ISO OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model since this model is planned for sharing open system㠯⠿â ½.[1] Open Systems can be deciphered as an open framework to speak with different frameworks. For his concise, we will call this model as the OSI model as it were. Figure 1.1. OSI Reference Model OSI model has seven layers. The standards utilized for the seven layers are: 1. A layer must be made when required various degrees of reflection. 2. Each layer will have certain capacities. 3. The capacity of each layer ought to be picked cautiously as per the arrangements of universal convention measures. 4. Layer limits toiled to limit the progression of data through the interface. 5. The quantity of layers must be a considerable amount, with the goal that various capacities don't should be joined in a solitary layer outside requirements. In any case, the quantity of layers should likewise be developed as meager as could reasonably be expected with the goal that the system design doesn't get hard to utilize. Underneath talk about each layer of the OSI model successively, beginning from the base layer. It ought to be noticed that the OSI model itself isn't arrange design, since this model doesn't clarify the specific administrations and conventions to be utilized on any layer. OSI model just clarifies about what ought to be finished by a layer. Be that as it may, ISO has additionally settled measures for all layers, despite the fact that these norms don't establish a reference model itself. Each layer has been proclaimed as a different global norm. Attributes of the OSI Layers To seven layers of OSI reference model can be partitioned into two classifications, to be specific upper and lower layers. The top layer of the OSI model arrangements with application issues and by and large actualized uniquely in programming. The most elevated layer (application layer) is the spread preceding the client (clients), the two clients and application layer forms associate with programming applications that contain a correspondence part. The term upper layer is in some cases used to allude to a portion of the top layer of another covering layer in the OSI model. The base layer of the OSI model to control information transport issues. Physical layer and information interface layer actualized in equipment and programming. The layers beneath the others are commonly just actualized in programming. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½The most reduced layer, the physical layer is a layer of spread for the physical system medium (link systems), and as answerable for the position of data on the system m edia㠯⠿â ½.[2] The accompanying table shows the partition of the two layers in the layers of the OSI model. Application Overlay Introduction Meeting Transport Data Transport Undercoat System Information Link Physical Table 1.2 Separation of top layer and base layer of the OSI model Convention OSI model gives an applied structure to correspondence between PCs, however this model isn't a technique for correspondence. Truth be told correspondence can happen because of utilization of correspondence conventions. With regards to information organizes, a convention is a proper principles and understandings that decide how PCs trade data over a system medium. A convention actualizes at least one of the layers of the OSI. A wide variety of the correspondence convention, yet all keeps up the stream in one gathering: the LAN conventions, WAN conventions, arrange conventions, and directing conventions. LAN conventions work at the physical and information connect layer of the OSI show and characterize correspondence over different LAN media. WAN conventions work at the third most minimal layer of the OSI demonstrate and characterize correspondence over different WAN. Directing convention is a system layer convention that is liable for deciding the street and traffic courses of action. At last, the system convention is unique in relation to the upper layer conventions that exist in a progression of conventions. Layers of the OSI Model Physical Layer Physical Layer works in the conveyance of crude bits into the channel of correspondence. Configuration gives that must be considered here is to guarantee that when one side sends information 1 piece, the information must be acknowledged by the opposite side as a piece as well, and not 0 piece. The inquiry that emerges for this situation is: what number of volts ought to be utilized to proclaim an estimation of 1? Furthermore, what number of volts is additionally required for the number 0?. It takes a piece how microsecond will be depleted? Is the transmission can be handled at the same time in the two headings? What number of pins are possessed by the system and what is the utilization of each pin? When all is said in done, structure issues are found here identified with the mechanical, electrical and procedural interfaces, and physical media which is under the physical layer. Information Link Layer The primary assignment of the information interface layer is as crude information transmission office and changes the information to a channel that is liberated from transmission mistakes. Before sent who work layer, information connect layer play out this assignment by permitting the sender image confine breaking input information into various information outlines (for the most part numbering in the hundreds or thousands of bytes). At that point the information interface layer transmits these casings in grouping, and procedure the affirmation outlines sent back by the beneficiary. Since the physical layer send and get bit stream regardless of the significance or engineering outline, at that point contingent upon the information connect layer was to make and perceive outline limits it. This should be possible by joining a unique piece to the start and end of the edge. On the off chance that coincidental piece examples can be found in the information, it is important to give exception al consideration to guarantee that the example isn't mistakenly considered as the limits of the casing. The event of commotion in the channel can harm the casing. For this situation, the information connect layer programming on the source machine to send back the wrecked casing. Be that as it may, transmission of a similar casing again and again can cause duplication of edges. Copy outlines should be sent if an affirmation outline from the beneficiary who came back to the sender has been lost. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Depending on the layer is to conquered the issues that caused the devastation, misfortune and duplication of casings. The information connect layer offers some support classes for the system layer. This administration class can be recognized as far as quality and price㠯⠿â ½.[4] Different issues that emerge in the information connect layer (and furthermore the greater part of the layers above it) are looking for the smooth procedure of information transmission from the sender to the beneficiary a moderate speed. System of guideline of traffic information ought to permit the sender to know the measure of cushion space claimed by the beneficiary at a specific second. Frequently setting stream and blunder dealing with is done in a coordinated way. Channel that can send information in the two bearings likewise can be tricky. So along these lines should be considered for the information interface layer programming. Issues that can emerge here is that the casings affirmation spilling out of A to B rival each other in front of the stream from B to A. Settlement of the best (piggy support) could have been utilized, at that point we will talk about it top to bottom. Communicate systems have an extra issue in the information connect layer. The issue is regarding contr olling access to a mutual channel. To fix this you can utilize a unique sub layer of information connect layer, called the medium access sub layer. System Layer System layer serves to control activity of the subnet. Significant structure issue is the way to decide the course bundles from source to goal. Course can be founded on static tables are connected to organize. Course can likewise be resolved toward the start of a discussion, for example, a terminal meeting. At long last, the course can likewise be extremely unique; it tends to be distinctive for each bundle. Accordingly, the conveyance course of a bundle relies upon organize load around then. In the event that simultaneously in a subnet there are such a large number of parcels, at that point there is the chance of the bundles show up simultaneously. This can prompt bottlenecks. Clog control as it is additionally the undertaking of the system layer. Since the sub net administrators anticipate the favorable luck of his activity obligations. There is frequently some bookkeeping capacity worked at the system layer. To make charging data, in any event the product ought to figure the quant ity of parcels or

Tenzing Norgay Biography

Tenzing Norgay Biography 11:30 am, May 29, 1953. Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and New Zealands Edmund Hillary step onto the highest point of Mount Everest, the universes tallest mountain. To start with, they shake hands, as legitimate individuals from a British mountaineering crew, however then Tenzing snatches Hillary in an abundant embrace at the highest point of the world. They wait just around 15 minutes. Hillary snaps a photograph as Tenzing spreads out the banners of Nepal, the United Kingdom, India and the United Nations. Tenzing is new to the camera, so there is no photograph of Hillary at the highest point. The two climbers at that point start their plummet back to high camp #9. They have vanquished Chomolungma, the Mother of the World, 29,029 feet (8,848 meters) above ocean level. Tenzings Early Life Tenzing Norgay was brought into the world the eleventh of thirteen kids in May of 1914. His folks named him Namgyal Wangdi, yet a Buddhist lama later recommended he change it to Tenzing Norgay (rich and lucky adherent of the lessons). The specific date and conditions of his introduction to the world are contested. In spite of the fact that in his collection of memoirs, Tenzing professes to have been conceived in Nepal to a Sherpa family, it appears to be almost certain that he was conceived in the Kharta Valley of Tibet. When the familys yaks kicked the bucket in a scourge, his urgent guardians sent Tenzing to live with a Nepalese Sherpa family as a contracted slave. Prologue to Mountaineering At 19, Tenzing Norgay moved to Darjeeling, India, where there was a sizable Sherpa people group. There, the British Everest campaign pioneer Eric Shipton saw him and recruited him as a high-elevation watchman for a 1935 observation of the northern (Tibetan) face of the mountain. Tenzing would go about as a watchman for two extra British endeavors on the northern side during the 1930s, yet this course would be shut off to westerners by the thirteenth Dalai Lama in 1945. Alongside Canadian mountain dweller Earl Denman and Ange Dawa Sherpa, Tenzing snuck over the Tibetan outskirt in 1947 to make another endeavor on Everest. They were turned around at around 22,000 feet (6,700 meters) by a beating blizzard. Geopolitical Turmoil The year 1947 was a turbulent one in South Asia. India accomplished its freedom, finishing the British Raj, and afterward split into India and Pakistan. Nepal, Burma, and Bhutan additionally needed to rearrange themselves after the British exit. Tenzing had been living in what became Pakistan with his first spouse, Dawa Phuti, however she died at a youthful age there. During the 1947 Partition of India, Tenzing returned his two little girls and moved to Darjeeling, India. In 1950, China attacked Tibet and affirmed command over it, reinforcing the prohibition on outsiders. Fortunately, the Kingdom of Nepal was starting to open its fringes to remote globe-trotters. The next year, a little exploratory gathering made up for the most part of Britons explored the southern, Nepalese way to deal with Everest. Among the gathering were a little gathering of Sherpas, including Tenzing Norgay, and a best in class climber from New Zealand, Edmund Hillary. In 1952, Tenzing joined a Swiss endeavor drove by the acclaimed climber Raymond Lambert as it made an endeavor on the Lhotse Face of Everest. Tenzing and Lambert got as high as 28,215 feet (8,599 meters), under 1,000 feet from the culmination before they were turned around by awful climate. The 1953 Hunt Expedition The next year, another British campaign drove by John Hunt set out for Everest. It was the eighth significant campaign since 1852, including in excess of 350 doormen, 20 Sherpa aides, and 13 western mountain climbers, including by and by Edmund Hillary. Tenzing Norgay was recruited on as a mountain climber, as opposed to as a Sherpa manage - a sign of the regard his aptitudes induced in the European ascending world. It was Tenzings seventh Everest campaign. Tenzing and Edmund Hillary Albeit Tenzing and Hillary would not turn out to be close companions until long after their noteworthy accomplishment, they immediately figured out how to regard each other as mountain dwellers. Tenzing even spared Hillarys life in the beginning periods of the 1953 undertaking. The two were roped together, advancing over the ice-field at the base of Everest, the New Zealander driving, when Hillary bounced a precipice. The cold cornice he arrived on severed, sending the thin mountain climber tumbling down into the precipice. Ultimately, Tenzing had the option to fix the rope and forestall his climbing accomplice from crushing onto the stones at the base of the precipice. Push for the Summit The Hunt endeavor made its base camp in March of 1953, at that point gradually settled eight higher camps, acclimatizing themselves to the height en route. By late May, they were inside striking separation of the highest point. The initial two-man group to make the push was Tom Bourdillon and Charles Evans, on May 26, however they needed to turn around only 300 feet shy of the highest point when one of their breathing devices fizzled. After two days, Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary set out at 6:30 am for their endeavor. Tenzing and Hillary lashed on their breathing devices on that perfectly clear morning and began kicking ventures into the cold day off. By 9 am they had arrived at the South Summit, beneath the genuine highest point. In the wake of climbing the exposed, 40-foot vertical stone presently called the Hillary Step, the two navigated an edge and adjusted the last curve corner to wind up large and in charge. Tenzings Later Life The recently delegated Queen Elizabeth II knighted Edmund Hillary and John Hunt, yet Tenzing Norgay got just the British Empire Medal instead of a knighthood. In 1957, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru advocated Tenzings endeavors to prepare South Asian young men and young ladies in mountaineering abilities and give grants to their examinations. Tenzing himself had the option to live serenely after his Everest triumph, and he looked to broaden a similar way out of neediness to others. After the passing of his first spouse, Tenzing wedded two other ladies. His subsequent spouse was Ang Lahmu, who had no offspring of her own however cared for Dawa Phutis enduring girls, and his third wife was Dakku, with whom Tenzing had three children and a little girl. At 61 years old, Tenzing was chosen by King Jigme Singye Wangchuck to control the primary remote visitors permitted into the Kingdom of Bhutan. After three years, he built up Tenzing Norgay Adventures, a trekking organization presently oversaw by his child Jamling Tenzing Norgay. On May 9, 1986, Tenzing Norgay died at 71 years old. Various sources list his reason for death as either a cerebral discharge or a bronchial condition. Along these lines, a biography that starts with a riddle likewise finishes with one. Tenzing Norgays Legacy It has been a long road...From a mountain coolie, a carrier of burdens, to a wearer of a coat with lines of decorations who is conveyed about in planes and stresses over annual assessment. ~ Tenzing Norgay obviously, Tenzing could have stated, From a youngster sold into subjugation, yet he never preferred to discuss the conditions of his youth. Naturally introduced to granulating destitution, Tenzing Norgay truly arrived at the highest point of worldwide acclaim. He turned into an image of accomplishment for the new country of India, his receptive home, and helped various other South Asian individuals (Sherpas and others the same) increase an agreeable way of life through mountaineering. Presumably above all to him, this man who never figured out how to peruse (however he could communicate in six dialects) had the option to send his four most youthful youngsters to great colleges in the United States. They live very well today yet consistently offer back to ventures including the Sherpas and Mount Everest. Sources Norgay, Jamling Tenzing. Contacting my Fathers Soul: A Sherpas Journey to the Top of Everest, New York: Harper Collins, 2001. Norgay, Tenzing. Tiger of the Snows: The Autobiography of Tenzing of Everest, New York: Putnam, 1955. Rizzo, Johnna. QA: Biographer on Everest Pioneer Tenzing Norgay, National Geographic News, May 8, 2003. Salkeld, Audrey. South Side Story, PBS Nova Online Adventure, refreshed Nov. 2000.

Ramases II - The Greatest of Egypts Pharaohs Essay -- Biography Biogr

Ramases II - The Greatest of Egypt's Pharaohs Rameses II, he was the third of his line in the Nineteenth Dynasty, child of Seti I, what's more, grandson of Rameses I. He controlled for about seventy years in a Period known, as the New Kingdom when Egypt was at it’s generally amazing. During His rule 1279-1213, Egypt appreciated a time of flourishing and security, inside, however remotely also. He is answerable for the structure of a larger number of Monuments and celebrated structures than some other pharaoh, having numerous Structures and sculptures renamed as though he dispatched them himself. Before the finish of his curiously long sixty-six-year long rule, he was popular all through the then known antiquated world. Ramses I was picked as beneficiary to King Horemheb, the last lord of the Eighteenth Dynasty in the wake of filling in as general, vizier, Commander of the Army of the Ruler of Two Lands, High Priest of the considerable number of Gods and Hereditary Prince of the Entire Land. Ruler Horemheb picked Ramses as his replacement as he had no offspring of his own, he also was picked by the past pharaoh. Ramses I not just had a child, Seti, an officer who was hitched to Tuya, likewise from a military family, however a grandson, called Rameses too. A solid military foundation was significant and these elements likely aided in Horemheb’s choice. Having children and grandsons guaranteed Rameses of having beneficiaries to carry on the new tradition. In 1295, BCE, Horemheb passed on, Rameses I first regal act, the directing of his mystery entombment customs in the Valley of the Kings. Rameses I set aside this effort to choose his own entombment tomb and started arrangements to be covered close to his companion Horemheb. Rameses I and his child Seti arranged remarkable structures, and had existing structures and landmarks revamped wi... ...back street of the Golden Mummies. (New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 2000) Menu, Bernadette Ramesses II Greatest of the Pharaohs (New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 1999) Thomas, Susanna Rameses II Pharaoh of the New Kingdom (New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. 2003) Wallenfels, Ronald and Sasson, Jack M. The Ancient Near East (New York, Detroit, San Francisco, London, Boston, Woodbridge CT.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, The Gale Group 2000) World Book Encyclopedia Volume R (Chicago: Scott Fetzer Company 2003) McMahan, Ian Secrets of The Pharaohs (New York: Avon Books, Inc. 1998) Bunson, Margaret The Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt (New York: Facts of File, Inc. 1991) Johnson, Paul The Civilization of Ancient Egypt (New York: Harper Collins Publishers 1978,1998 and 1999) Tiano, Olivier Ramses II and Egypt (New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc. 1995)

Music as a Health and Relaxation Aid

Music as a Health and Relaxation Aid Stress Management Management Techniques Relaxation Print Music Relaxation: A Healthy Stress Management Tool Why and How Music Aids Relaxation By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on June 24, 2019 Pascal Broze/Getty Images More in Stress Management Management Techniques Relaxation Physical Techniques Time Management Effects on Health Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress With all the ways music affects your body, you can probably already clearly see how music can be used as an effective relaxation and stress management tool. In addition to the many physical changes that music can bring (which I list in this article on music and music therapy), music is especially helpful in relaxation and stress management because it can be used in the so many ways.  Here are some of the most important ways that music can help with stress management. Music and Physical Relaxation Music can promote relaxation of tense muscles, enabling you to easily release some of the tension you carry from a stressful day (or week).  When you relax your muscles and loosen your body, your mind also relaxes, which can help you to reduce plenty of tension and stress that you may not have realized you were carrying.  Music is a simple and fun way to let all the tension just drain away. Music as an Aid in Stress Relief Activities Music can help you get ‘into the zone’ when practicing yoga, self-hypnosis or guided imagery, can help you feel energized when exercising, help dissolve the stress when you’re soaking in the tub, and be a helpful part of many other stress relief activities. It can take an effective stress reliever and make it even more effective! Music and a Meditative State As mentioned before, music can help your brain get into a meditative state, which carries wonderful stress relief benefits with it. For those who find meditation intimidating, listening to music can be an easier alternative.  Music is easy for kids to enjoy, too, so while meditation may be challenging to teach to your kids, putting on the right music can be a way to ease them into a more meditative state without their completely realizing it. Music to Promote a Positive Focus Music, especially upbeat tunes, can take your mind off what stresses you, and help you feel more optimistic and positive. This helps release stress and can even help you keep from getting as stressed over life’s little frustrations in the future.  An uplifting song can also bring the benefits of positive affect, which can empower you to notice more opportunities and seize them when you can, which can also help with stress relief.  (And while were on the topic of uplifting music, some happy songs practically force you to dance to them, and this type of exercise can be great for stress management, too!) Music and Affirmations The way you see the world and the type of self-talk you habitually use can also have a profound effect on your stress level, which is why positive affirmations that create more positive self-talk are so helpful. Music that has affirming lyrics can bring the double benefit of music and positive affirmations, helping you to surround yourself with positive energy and more often look on the bright side, letting stressful events more easily roll off your back. These are some of the reasons that music is one of the easiest and most effective relaxation tools available, and music is such a great stress management tool to add to your everyday life.

The Legality of Military Intervention in Syria - Free Essay Example

It is not about taking sides in the Syrian conflict, not about invading, not about regime change or working closely with the opposition, but it is about the large scale use of chemical weapons and our response to war crime, nothing else, said the Prime Minister David Cameron in a debate held in the parliament regarding military intervention in Syria.[1] The prime minister announced for military intervention in Syria following a suspected chemical weapons attack in the suburbs of the capital Damascus on 21st of August 2013, where an enormous number of people have died. Even though US and UK holds Assad government responsible, the rebels were blamed, denying the accusation.[2] Syria is a member of the 1925 Geneva Gas protocol, which restricts the use in war of asphyxiating toxic gases and liquids, materials or devices.[3] Under international humanitarian law, using chemical weapons are prohibited not only in international armed conflicts but also in civil wars like the current crisis in Syria.[4] This is established in the Tadic case[5][6], where the ICTY declared the prohibition of chemical weapons in internal warfare.[7] Under the 2001 report of ICISS, the doctrine of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) establishes that it is suitable for military intervention when its main motive is to stop human suffering and if believed that lesser non-military measures would not have succeeded.[8] Following the large scale loss of lives, property and effects of the chemical attack; as the UN secretary general Ban Ki-Moon said, most significant confirmed use of chemical weapons against civilians since Saddam Hussein used them in Halabja in 1988[9], the prime minister decided on military intervention. The UK has a partially written, uncodified constitution built on common law, case law, historical documents, Acts of parliament and European legislation. Its quality of being flexible makes it simply amendable by passing an Act of parliament and no special procedure being followed, adapting to new circumstances easily.[10] It is also of a monarchial background where the queen is the head of the state and reigns according to the constitution. These are known as the powers of royal prerogative. However, the political powers that have been consumed by her, is now diminishing as it is her majestys government which makes decisions and execute real executive power on behalf of her.[11] The judiciary, legislature, and the executive acts as a watchdog over the operations of each other. The judiciary controls the exercise of power by the state through the procedure of judicial review. The Human Rights Act 1998 notably increased the power of the judiciary to control the functioning of the parliament and the executive, sustaining Montesquieus classical exposure to the concept of separation of powers. The case of A and X and others v Secretary of State for the Home Department (2004)[12] illustrates the pressure between the roles of the judiciary, parliament and the executive.[13] The role of the executive is to implement policies and enact laws. Parliament is the most supreme legislative authority which makes new laws, termed as legislature.[14] Under a written constitution, the constitution is considered to be supreme as interpreted by the Supreme Court. However under the constitution of UK; being unwritten, the highest form of law is considered to be Acts passed by the parliament. According to Diceys view, all law-making powers are derived, not from a constitutional document, but from the sovereignty of the legislature, which is the parliament. He further stated that no person or body is recognized by the law of England as having a right to override or set aside the legislation of parliament. The validity of an Act of parliament can never be questioned, and in the case of Pickin v British Railways Board (1974)[15], Lord Reid said that, even though in the past, many lawyers seemed to believe that an Act of parliament could be disregarded, since the supremacy of the parliament was finally demonstrated by the revolution of 1688, any such idea has become obsolete. The doctrine of implied repeal states that a parliament may legislate on any matter, that no parliament may be bound by a previous or a further parliament and that the validity of an Act of parliament cannot be challenged as established in cases, Vauxhall Estates Ltd v Liverpool Cooperation (1932)[16] and Ellen Street Estates Ltd v Minister of Health (1934)[17], Blackburn v Attorney General [1971][18].[19] A recent discussion was raised about this viewpoint in the UK Supreme Court Blog and it said that, under no circumstances can the UK Supreme Court strike down legislation put forward by the UK parliament.[20] With the effect of parliamentary sovereignty, following the decision of military intervention in Syria, the prime minister wh o is a member of the executive, put it to a vote in the parliament. The UK is a rainbow nation with a variety of cultures and ethnic groups making up its population and the parliament is the representative of all these parties. Hence David Cameron consulted the opinion of all those multiracial people including ethnic minorities regarding military action against Syria, by holding a vote in the parliament in a participatory approach democratically. However, the results showed that British parliament ministers dismissed UKs involvement in US- led military action against Syria. The prime minister David Camerons decision regarding military intervention was rejected by 285 272 votes compelling UK to keep itself away from any joint military action, even though he is still in favour of it.[21] The labour leader Ed Miliband commented that the House of Commons had spoken for the people of Britain and that the people are deeply concerned about the chemical weapons attacks in Syria, but they want us to learn the lessons of Iraq, and that they dont want a rush to war. They want things done in the right way, working with the international community. [22] The prime minister responded during a debate in the parliament, I am deeply mindful of the lessons of previous conflicts and in particular, deep concerns in the country caused by what went wrong with the Iraq conflict in 2003. He further claimed that the difference with the Iraq war in 2003 was expanding that, back then Europe and NATO was split over what actions to be taken, but now they have agreed with the view that use of chemical weapons must not be allowed. Further, the Arab league had disagreed to act back then, but now they call for it, holding the Syrian government at fault and requesting the international community to act against them.[23] In a survey that was conducted regarding this matter, 60% of the British public opposed UK military action against Syria. When the public were asked that, with UKs involve ment in conflicts such as Libya, Afghanistan and Iraq, whether they have been made more or less supportive in UK intervening in countries and conflicts abroad, majority were less supportive. Further, it was found that the suggestion made by the majority regarding what action should be taken against the Syrian regime, by both UK and the international community, was that greater diplomatic pressure be put on the Syrian regime by means of economic sanctions. This reflects peoples participation in administrative decisions taken by the executive, making them well representative of the society.[24] The Defense Secretary, Philip Hammond declared that he and the prime minister were discontented with the result claiming that it would cause damage UKs special relationship with USA. However, Mr. Miliband responded saying that the relationship would remain strong even with the vote, and also that Britain must work in its national interest, even if it is to do with something different to Amer ica.[25] Nevertheless, the prime minister by all means has the power to declare war against Syria, by powers of royal prerogative, in the name of the queen. Back in 2003, despite failing the vote in the House of Commons, Tony Blair waged war against Iraq by using the prerogative powers on behalf of the queen. The Green paper called governance of Britain focuses on prerogative powers exercised by ministers, mostly regarding the conduct of foreign affairs like deploying and using the Armed Forces overseas, making and ratifying treaties. The decision to use the armed forces overseas does not need any approval or confirmation by parliament and may be taken by the Government. Such decisions are usually beyond the reach of judicial review, even if the circumstance is that the deployment would be opposing international law. After the GCHQ case[26], the courts have approved over some exercises of the prerogative, though making it clear at the same time that other matters remained beyond their jurisdiction.[27] Moreover, the prime minister claimed, The well of public opinion was well and truly poisoned by the Iraq episode[28]. Labour leader Ed Miliband stated however that Britain doesnt need reckless and impulsive leadership, it needs calm and measured leadership.[29] Furthermore, According to R2P, the country and the international community have the responsibility to rebuild in the aftermath of destruction caused by the war, by means of providing assistance with recovery, reconstruction and reconciliation as well as lookup to address the causes of the conflict.[30] Mr. Cameron announced at the G20 summit that the UK would give aids worth additional  £52m ($80m) for Syria much of it for medical training and equipment to help victims targeted by chemical attacks.[31] This will bring the UKs total expenditure on aid for Syria and neighboring states to  £400m.[32] Nevertheless, there can be nothing worse than the loss of lives, which will be a consequence if Britain rushes into war. As a matter of fact, even if the Syrian regime uses chemical weapons against the countries that intervene in military action or not, it is anyway going to result in bloodshed, not only of their civilians but also of the armed forces of the international community. Also when the Britains defense budget is spent for military action, it will have a direct impact on spending for domestic services such as health, education, social security as a means of developing the country. When such needs of people are not fulfilled, it results in the breach of right to life, right to health, right to protection, etc under UDHR. Moreover, it is necessarily the tax payers money that is spent for this, which will result in impacting inflation and subsequently the downfall of the economy of Britain. Therefore, alternative measures which would be rather peaceful should be taken in place of rushing into wars that may result in gruesome world wars. 1 | Page [1] Youtube, British parliament debates military action against Syria Part1, (29th August 2013), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJLxBdhGBNE [2] World Observer Online, Syria crisis: Cameron loses Commons vote on Syria action, 30/08/2013, https://worldobserveronline.com/2013/08/30/syria-crisis-cameron-loses-commons-vote-on-syria-action/ [3] Ilias Bantekas, International criminal law: War crimes and grave breaches  (4th edition, Hart publishing,22 September 2010) at pg.176, In accordance with customary law, Article 8(2)(b)(xvii) prohibits the employment of poison or poisoned weapons, if the substance released from the weapon cause death or serious damage to health in the ordinary course of events, through its toxic properties. [4] Human Rights Watch, Attacks on Ghouta: Analysis of alleged use of chemical weapons in Syria, (De Standaard, September 2013), at pg.21 [5] ICTY, The Prosecutor v. Dusko Tadic, Appeals chamber judgment (15/07/1999) [6] Ilias Bantekas; note 3 above, at pgs.138,141 [7] Customary IHL, Rule 74. Chemical weapons, https://www.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/v1_rul_rule74 [8] Fionna Bezaire and Bhaskar S. Manda, responsibility to protect, https://r2pcoalition.org/content/view/22/93/ [9] Jared Feldschreiber, United Nations Report: Sec. Gen. Ban Ki Moon Confirms Unequivocally Objectively Chemical Weapons Used in Syria, https://www.lawyerherald.com/articles/4056/20130916/united-nations-report-secretary-general-ban-ki-moon-confirms-unequivocally.htm [10] Neil Parpworth, Constitutional and Administrative law: The meaning of a constitution  (6th edition,Oxford University Press), at pg. 7 [11] Neil Parpworth, note 10 above, at pg 11 [12] A and X and others v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2004] UKHL 56; [2005] 2 AC 68 [13] Catherine Elliot and Frances Quinn,   The English Legal System: The role of judges  (12th edition, Pearson) at pg 148 [14]  Parliament and Government, https://www.par liament.uk/about/how/role/parliament-government/ [15] Pickin v British Railway Board (1974) AC 765 [16] Vauxhall Estates Ltd v Liverpool Cooperation [1932] 1 KB 733 [17] Ellen Street Estates Ltd v Minister of Health [1934] 1 KB 590 [18] Blackburn v Attorney General [1971] 1 WLR 1037; 2 All ER 1380 [19] Hilaire Barnett, Constitutional and Administrative Law: Parliamentary Sovereignty  (10th edition, Routledge) at pgs 110,113,124,125,136 [20] The Guardian, Does parliamentary sovereignty still reign supreme? (Adam Wagner,27th January 2011), https://www.theguardian.com/law/2011/jan/27/supreme-court-parliamentary-sovereignty [21] BBC, US to act in its best interests over Syria crisis (30th August 2013), https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-23894173 [22] BBC, Syria crisis, Cameron loses Commons vote on Syria action (30th August 2013), https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-23892783 [23] Youtube, note 1 above, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJLxBdhGBNE [2 4] The Guardian, Observer/ Opiniom Politics Polls (Toby Helm, 31st August 2013), https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2013/aug/31/poll-british-military-action-syria [25] World Observer Online, note 2 above, https://worldobserveronline.com/2013/08/30/syria-crisis-cameron-loses-commons-vote-on-syria-action/ [26] Council of Civil Service Unions v Minister for the Civil Service [1983] UKHL 6 (GCHQ) [27]  The Governance of Britain (Colin Warbrick, 2008), https://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/app/document?srguid=ia744cc630000014397915ad408901209docguid=IFB8EF8814A4611DDBF1596BDF21EBB6Ahitguid=IFB8EF8814A4611DDBF1596BDF21EBB6Arank=1spos=1epos=1td=340crumb-action=appendcontext=10resolvein=true [28] Youtube, note 1 above, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJLxBdhGBNE [29] World Observer Online, note 2 above, https://worldobserveronline.com/2013/08/30/syria-crisis-cameron-loses-commons-vote-on-syria-action/ [30] Fionna Bezaire and Bhaskar S. Manda, note 8 above, https://r2pco alition.org/content/view/22/93/ [31] BBC, Syria crisis: where key countries stand, (17th September 2013), https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-23849587 [32] BBC, Tony Blair: Iraq war made UK hesitant over Syria intervention, (6th September,2013), https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23983036